A Complete Guide to Winter Whale Watching in 2025: Where to Go, What to Expect & How to Prepare
Published on 1/20/25
Written by Jessica Colla
Whale watching is one of the most awe-inspiring and thrilling ways to connect with the ocean and the incredible marine life that reside there. Between my partner and I, we have over 20 years of combined professional whale-watching experience. We're excited to share our insights and to help you plan your perfect winter whale-watching adventure!
Let’s dive in!
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Gesturing excitedly to a breaching whale while working as a marine naturalist on a whale watching tour in Sydney, Australia.
My partner and I have spent several years as a whale-watching marine biologist (me) and a boat captain (him) in Maui, Hawaii, Sydney, Australia, and Seward, Alaska. I’ve also had the privilege of participating in whale-watching excursions as a guest in Boston, MA; San Juan Islands, WA; Cabo San Lucas, Mexico; Mo’orea & Tahiti, French Polynesia; and throughout the Caribbean. Drawing from ALL of these experiences, I’ve created a complete guide about whale watching: the best destinations, how to plan for a whale season, excursion preparation tips, and what to expect on your journey.
Whether you’re a first-timer or a seasoned whale enthusiast, winter 2025 promises unforgettable encounters with these magnificent creatures. Let’s dive into everything you need to know to make the most of your experience! 🐋
1. Top Winter Whale Watching Destinations
The wintery months of December - March (in the northern hemisphere) is prime time for whale watching, thanks to migration patterns that bring these majestic animals closer to shore. Here are some of the best whale-watching destinations to consider for your upcoming trip:
Northern Hemisphere Highlights:
Maui, Hawaii: Over 16,000 Humpback whales migrate here from Alaska, Canada & Japan to breed and give birth. Here you can witness mothers with their calves, males competing for a mate, and spectacular surface displays.
Cabo San Lucas, Mexico: Known for grays and humpbacks seeking protection from frigid northern-Pacific Ocean waters, these whales are often spotted close to the Baja Peninsula.
The Caribbean: A mix of pilot whales, sperm whales, the occasional humpback whale, and various dolphin species can be seen throughout the region’s crystal-clear blue waters, from Dominican Republic, St. Lucia, the Virgin Islands and Grenada.
Azores, Portugal: Known as a hotspot for sperm whales, this North Atlantic archipelago is also frequented by humpbacks and various dolphin species during the winter months.
Canary Islands, Spain: A key destination for year-round dolphin and pilot whale sightings, the Canary Islands also host migrating humpbacks, sperm whales, and Bryde’s (pronounced “Brutus”) whales during the winter season.
Southern Hemisphere Highlights:
Sydney, Australia: Humpback whales begin their migration south during this time. New calves are building muscle and mimicking their mothers, making this an excellent spot to witness surface behaviors.
Patagonia, Argentina: Southern right whales, orcas and the elusive Blue whale frequent these cool, nutrient-rich waters to feed on krill and bulk up on blubber in preparation for the long migration northwards to the equator in summer.
New Zealand: Orcas, Bryde's whales, Sperm whales, Humpbacks and a variety of other residents are common visitors here, often seen near the coastline feeding on bountiful seafood; some species year-round!
South Africa’s Garden Route: While southern right whales are more common in the winter months (June–October), Bryde’s whales and resident dolphins can still be seen during the summer here.
Antarctica: Antarctica is a feeding HAVEN for humpback, minke, blue, and fin whales. Cold waters teem with krill & zooplankton, providing spectacular opportunities to observe whales feeding in their icy, remote habitat.
Travel Tip: Research the species you hope to see and their migration patterns to choose the best location and time for your adventure.
2. Understanding Whale Seasons: Breeding vs. Feeding
Whale watching experiences (meaning the species you will see and how they will behave during that time) varies significantly depending on the season and location:
Breeding Season:
(Northern Hemisphere’s winter)
During the winter months, many species of whales migrate to warm, shallow waters near the equator to mate and give birth. These breeding grounds provide a safe environment, free from predators and harsh weather, for calves to grow strong in their early months.
Common behaviors to see: In calmer, warm waters, you’ll often see newborn calves swimming alongside their mothers, learning vital skills like diving and surface displays. Males might engage in competitive behaviors to find and secure a mate, including breaching, tail-slapping, competition groups and even complex vocalizations like songs.
What you WON’T see: Whales are not feeding during this time, as they often rely on fat reserves built up during the feeding season. You won’t witness behaviors like bubble net feeding, lunge feeding, hunting or surface foraging.
Feeding Season:
(Southern Hemisphere’s summer)
During the summer months in the Southern Hemisphere, whales head to cooler waters near the poles that are teeming with krill, plankton, and small fish. These nutrient-rich areas become bustling feeding grounds where whales gorge themselves to build the fat reserves needed for migration and breeding.
Common behaviors to see: This is the best time to observe dramatic feeding displays like lunge feeding, bubble-net feeding, hunting and surface foraging. Baleen (filter-feeding) whales may work in groups to herd prey into tight balls before lunging through the water with their mouths open wide. You might also see tail and pectoral slapping as part of toothed-whale hunting strategies.
What you WON’T see: Breeding and nursing take a back seat during feeding season. You’re unlikely to spot newborn calves or see males engaging in competitive courtship behaviors. Instead, the whales are entirely focused on consuming as much food as possible to sustain their long migration next breeding season.
REsident whale populations:
(Year-Round viewing)
Some popular whale-watching destinations are home to resident whales, dolphins and porpoises that remain in the area year-round. These include non-migratory species like orcas, dolphins, porpoises and certain populations of sperm whales.
Common behaviors to see: Hunting and social behaviors like spy-hopping, tail-slapping, breaching, and familial pod interactions. In areas with resident orcas, you may also witness cooperative hunting techniques and vocalizations.
What you WON’T see: Large-scale migrations or the dramatic seasonal shifts in behavior observed in migratory species. These populations tend to remain in their home range throughout the year, offering consistent opportunities for observation.
Reminder: The southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere are on opposite seasonal schedules. Pay attention to your destination’s season as well as your own, so you don’t accidentally show up at the wrong time!
Setting Expectations: Knowing whether you’re observing breeding or feeding behavior enhances your appreciation of the whales’ natural cycles.
3. How to Prepare for a Whale Watching Experience
To ensure a memorable trip, preparation is key. So … what should I bring on a whale watching tour? Here are some essential tips, tricks and product recommendations to ensure you have the best time:
Waterproof Jacket or Coat:
This one is pretty much non-negotiable. Whale watching can get splashy (and most tours operate rain or shine!) so a waterproof jacket is a must. Depending on your destination, choose between a lightweight windbreaker vs. a heavy insulated coat. If you're traveling light, it's still a good idea to pack a foldable poncho … just in case!
Motion Sickness Remedies:
If you're prone to seasickness (OR if you’re not sure; better safe than sorry!), bring some type of motion sickness medication (non-drowsy), natural remedies like ginger chews, or an acupressure wristband.
Reminder: Medications are typically the most effective form of motion sickness relief, BUT they take the most time to become effective. Read the instructions and take the prescribed amount at the recommended time BEFORE the trip starts … if you don't take anything until you start to feel sick, it's too late!
Snacks and Water:
While many tours provide snacks and water, it’s always a good idea to bring your own, especially if you’re on a longer excursion.
Remember: Bring food that will not disagree with you’re stomach if the ride gets bumpy! And stay hydrated, too! (Water is always best)
Hat and Sunglasses:
Never underestimate the need for sun protection, especially if you're out on the ocean (basically a giant mirror) for extended periods of time. To support ocean conservation, go with a mineral sunscreen that won’t harm the marine life! Also, opt for POLARIZED sunglasses to remove the sun’s glare on the sea surface, giving you a better look at the whales below!
Helpful Hint: secure your hat & sunglasses tightly to your head—it can get windy out there, and items blown into the ocean are not retrievable!
Clothing Layers:
Dressing in layers is essential for staying comfortable during your whale-watching tour, especially since temperatures can vary drastically between land and sea. Start with a lightweight base layer, add a warm mid-layer, and top it off with a waterproof jacket for maximum flexibility.
Gear for Wildlife Spotting:
Spotting whales from afar becomes MUCH easier with a pair of waterproof and lightweight binoculars. They’re perfect for scanning the horizon for dorsal fins, spouts, and other marine life.
Helpful Hint: responsible whale watching operators follow local regulations, including minimum-distance approach limits. The whales you're observing may be several hundred meters away!
Record Your Memories:
Capturing your memories of whales in action can be a highlight of the trip. A compact zoom camera or DSLR with a telephoto lens will help you take stunning photos from a distance, so you don’t miss a breach or tail slap!
Helpful Hint: Don’t forget to put the camera down from time to time too. Seeing them with your own eyes is far superior to watching behind the lens! You’ll thank me!
Educational Materials:
Enhance your whale-watching experience by learning about the species and behaviors you might encounter ahead of time. Field guides and books (preferably specific to the region) can provide valuable insights into species and observed behaviors to make your trip even more memorable.
4. Choosing the Right Tour for Your Style
The right tour can make all the difference in your whale watching experience. Are you adventurous? Do you prefer to travel in comfort? Do you mind getting wet? Do you mind crowds? Consider these questions and know what your options are:
Small Adventure Rafts:
Pros: If you’re seeking an intimate and thrilling experience, small adventure rafts are the way to go. These nimble vessels allow you to get closer to the water and offer a front-row seat to the action. With fewer passengers, you’ll feel more connected to the ocean and the whales. Perfect for adventurous travelers, these tours often feel like a private excursion and can venture into areas larger boats can’t access.
Cons: The trade-off for adventure is often comfort. Rafts can feel less stable, especially in choppy waters, making them a less-than-ideal choice for those prone to seasickness or who prefer a more relaxed ride. Seating can also be minimal, and these tours are usually weather-dependent, so be prepared for cancellations or rescheduling if conditions aren’t ideal.
$$$: Small rafts often come with a higher price tag due to their limited capacity and personalized nature. However, the experience of being so close to the whales and the water makes every penny worth it for thrill-seekers and ocean enthusiasts!
Large Comfortable Catamarans:
Pros: For those who prefer a stable and relaxing whale-watching experience, large catamarans are the perfect choice. These spacious boats are designed for comfort and often come equipped with amenities like bathrooms, shaded seating, and snack bars. They provide plenty of room to move around, making them great for families, groups, or travelers looking for a more leisurely excursion. Plus, their size makes them less affected by waves, which is a bonus for those who get seasick.
Cons: The larger group size can sometimes make the experience feel less personal, and it may take a little more effort to secure a prime viewing spot. Additionally, the size of the boat means it can’t get as close to the whales as smaller vessels, so you might miss out on some of the up-close encounters.
$$$: Catamaran tours are generally more affordable due to the higher passenger capacity. However, the price can increase if the tour includes premium features like gourmet meals, open bars, or longer trip durations. For budget-conscious travelers, basic catamaran tours offer excellent value without sacrificing comfort.
Sailboats
Pros: Sailboats offer a unique and tranquil whale-watching experience, perfect for those who want to connect with nature at a slower pace. The gentle sound of the wind makes for a peaceful atmosphere, enhancing the chance to observe whales without the noise of an engine. These tours often emphasize eco-friendliness, creating a more sustainable way to enjoy marine life.
Cons: Sailboats rely on wind conditions, which means trips can be less predictable and sometimes slower-paced than motorized vessels (although most have a back-up engine onboard). This may limit the distance covered during the excursion and reduce the chances of finding whales. They also tend to have smaller passenger capacities, which might make them less accommodating for families or larger groups.
$$$: Sailboat tours typically fall in the mid-to-higher price range, reflecting their small-group setup and unique experience. While they might cost more than a standard catamaran, the serene and eco-conscious vibe is well worth it for those who prioritize a peaceful and sustainable adventure.
Kayak/Paddle Tours
Pros: For the truly adventurous, kayak and paddle tours offer an unparalleled way to experience whales up close (while maintaining a respectful and safe distance, of course). These tours allow you to feel immersed in the ocean environment, with the added bonus of getting some exercise. The low profile of kayaks makes encounters with marine life feel extra special!
Cons: Kayaking requires a moderate level of physical fitness and may not be suitable for those who tire easily or are inexperienced with paddling. These tours are highly weather-dependent, and rough seas can make the experience challenging, or cancel them altogether.
$$$: Kayak tours are often more affordable than motorized options, making them a great choice for budget-conscious adventurers. However, guided tours that include equipment rental and expert leadership might cost more than renting a kayak on your own. Either way, the intimate, eco-friendly nature of the experience makes it a fantastic option for adventurous ocean lovers!
Setting Expectations:
Keep in mind that whale-watching tours can vary greatly depending on the region you’re visiting. Some areas may only offer specific types of experiences, such as small adventure rafts or large catamarans, while others might have a wider variety of options. Additionally, prices can differ dramatically based on the location, season, and demand. For instance, the same type and duration of tour might cost $40–$50 in one destination and over $200 in another! To avoid any surprises, be sure to research the available tours during your visit and their pricing before booking. This way, you can plan accordingly and ensure your experience aligns with your expectations and budget.
ALSO: cheaper isn’t always better! When comparing competitor pricing, make sure to compare excursions with similar offerings. It doesn’t make sense to compare a full-day luxury cruise with dinner to a 2-hour kayak paddle with snacks!
Booking Tips:
Look for tours with experienced guides and eco-friendly practices. Boats that are irresponsible and don't follow local regulations will result in a bad experience for you AND the whales!
Book early during peak seasons to secure your spot. Some whale watching companies can sell out months in advance during peak season!
5. setting realistic expectations
Whales are wild animals, which means they don’t follow a script—that’s what makes watching them so magical! Having been on hundreds of whale watches and seen thousands of whales and other marine life throughout my career, I can confidently say that no two trips are the same … EVER. Each experience is unique, and that unpredictability is a big part of the adventure.
What is Normal?
The awe-inspiring scenes in marketing materials or ocean documentaries are often the best, most dramatic moments captured after countless hours of filming. In the wild, whale behavior can vary greatly in both frequency, intensity and duration—so patience is key. While you may witness breaching, tail-slapping, or other spectacular behaviors, there’s also a chance your trip could involve quieter moments, like watching a mother and calf slowly swim together, observing a whale rest at the surface, or spotting spouts on the horizon. Both experiences are common and normal.
Nothing breaks my heart more than people upset about their experience because they expected something different!
Responsible Whale Watching
Additionally, it’s crucial to set realistic expectations when it comes to wildlife viewing distances, approach angles, and speed limits. Responsible whale-watching companies adhere to strict regulations to ensure the safety and well-being of the marine animals. Boats are required to maintain a certain distance from whales, limit their speed, and approach them at safe angles to avoid stress or harm. While these precautions might mean you don’t get as close as you’d hoped, they are essential for protecting these incredible creatures and ensuring they remain undisturbed in their natural habitat. Keep in mind that whales are massive animals, and even from a distance, they are awe-inspiring to see.
(Pssssstt! Binoculars & camera’s with zoom lenses REALLY help here!)
Best Laid Plans
For the best chance at a great whale-watching experience, plan ahead and give yourself as many opportunities as possible. Book excursions early in your trip so you can adjust if weather, ocean conditions or luck isn’t in your favor. And, if your schedule allows, book tours on multiple days! The more chances you give yourself, the more likely you’ll witness a variety of behaviors and make great memories.
Above all, approach the experience with an open mind and an appreciation for nature—it’s not just about spotting whales, but also enjoying the stunning scenery, learning from your guides, supporting ocean conservation and connecting with the marine environment in a meaningful way!
6. FAQs About Winter Whale Watching
What time of day is best for whale watching?
Most whale species are active all day long, but morning tours usually offer calmer waters and better visibility from the human perspective. Conditions may vary at your destination. Give yourself the best chance possible by checking the weather and ocean conditions and opt for the day/time with the calmest winds.
How close will we get to the whales?
Responsible whale watching tours follow local laws and regulations to protect the whales. This may include maintaining a respectful distance, typically 100 yards or more. Regions may have restrictions for different whale species depending on their protected status (common vs. endangered) and their susceptibility to certain stressors. Avoid disappoint by doing research ahead of time to set expectations.
Example: Washington state has one of the most “extreme”* distance regulations (1000 yards) to protect Southern Resident Orcas from disruptive sound pollution of nearby boats
*Although larger viewing distances can be disappointing or frustrating, abiding by them means you are supporting their conservation and survival for future generations to enjoy!
Will we definitely see whales?
While many whale-watching tours boast high success rates (especially during peak-migration season), sightings are NEVER guaranteed. Whales are wild animals, and their movements are unpredictable. However, reputable operators often know the best spots and times to maximize your chances. They monitor whale activity closely and collaborate with other boats in the area to share sightings in real-time.
Even if the whales are elusive, you’re still likely to enjoy stunning ocean views, learn from knowledgeable guides, and encounter other marine life like dolphins, seals or sea birds (which are also aaaamazing!). Remember, part of the magic lies in the spontaneity of nature!
What happens if we don’t see any whales?
Policies vary by tour operator, so it’s a good idea to check before booking. Many companies offer “guarantees,” such as partial refunds, free rebooking for another trip, or vouchers for future use if no whales are spotted. Some operators provide these guarantees as a sign of their confidence in their tour routes and expertise.
Even if whales don’t make an appearance, many tours offer an engaging experience with knowledgeable guides sharing fascinating fun facts about the ocean, other marine life, and even local history and geology of the area. Meaning, you’ll still have a good time if you’re flexible keep your mind open.
What else might we see besides whales?
Whale-watching tours often include the chance to spot a WIDE variety of other marine life, not just the focal whale species (and this is often my favorite part)!
Dolphins and porpoises are a common highlight, and they’re known to playfully swim alongside boats. Depending on the location, you might also encounter seals, sea lions, or sea turtles basking or swimming in the waves. In colder climates, you may spot puffins, albatrosses, or other seabirds soaring above, or diving for food. In some regions, sharks, rays, or even jellyfish can make appearances. I’ve even seen hammerheads and penguins before!
The diversity of marine life ensures that your tour is an incredible experience, even if whales are shy that day!
Will I get seasick?
Talk with your doctor about seasickness remedies that are right for you. If you know you’re prone to seasickness, opt for a larger vessel (big catamarans are the most stable), take motion sickness medication or other preventative measures like ginger chews or acupressure wristbands, or choose a land-based whale-watching spot to minimize discomfort.
As much as I LOVE whales, whale watches aren’t great experiences if you’re sprawled out on the boat deck vomiting into a bucket … believe me, I’ve seen it all.
(Check out this article by Healthline for more recommendations to curb seasickness & nausea)
Can I swim with whales?
Swimming with whales is a highly regulated activity*, and in many parts of the world, it is not allowed to protect both the whales and humans. In some regions, such as Tahiti, Tonga or parts of French Polynesia, licensed operators offer specialized tours that permit swimming with certain whale species under strict guidelines. However, in most places, including popular winter whale-watching destinations like Hawai'i or the Pacific Northwest, swimming with whales is prohibited.
*These regulations are in place to minimize stress on the whales and avoid disrupting the animals' natural behavior. Always prioritize the well-being of these incredible creatures over the experience, even if it is less instagram-worth.
Can I Watch Whales if I Don't Want to Go on a Boat?
For those who prefer not to go out on the water (seasick or budget), there are still ways to enjoy whale watching without stepping foot on a boat:
Land-based Whale Watching:
Locations with higher elevations, such as coastal cliffs, offer excellent vantage points to spot whales from land. Famous spots include:Maui, Hawaii: The elevated coastline offers several cliffside viewpoints, especially along the south and west shores.
Sydney, Australia: Coastal walks like the Bondi to Coogee trail offer breathtaking views of migrating humpback whales.
Alaska: The scenic coastlines of Kenai Fjords National Park and the Gulf of Alaska offer stunning land-based views.
However, if you’re visiting areas with low-lying coastlines, like the upper Caribbean, your whale sightings may be limited to boats and cruise ships as there are fewer vantage points at higher elevations. But don’t discount these destinations altogether; you’ll still get amazing views from sea level!
Fun Whale Watching Alternative: Seaplane and Helicopter Tours
If you want a truly unique whale watching experience, seaplanes and helicopter tours are an absolutely incredible way to see whales from above! These tours are a one-of-a-kind experience and, while more expensive than a traditional boat trip, they offer incredible views and a perspective you simply won’t get on the water. The birds-eye view allows you to spot whales (and other wildlife) from a distance, and the views of the coastline from the air will never disappoint!
Conclusion
Winter whale watching offers a unique opportunity to witness the grandeur of these absolutely incredible animals! Whether you’re exploring the warm waters of Maui or the wild coastlines of Patagonia, preparation and setting expectations is the key to a memorable experience. By choosing the right destination, understanding whale behaviors associated with the seasons, and equipping yourself with the right gear, you’ll make the most of your trip!
Every whale-watching excursion contributes to a deeper appreciation for marine life, inspiring conservation efforts and fostering a connection to our oceans. Let’s make winter 2025 a whale season to remember!
Ready to plan your adventure? We’re curious! Let us know where you want to go in the comments!
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